HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSLUSIF DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LIMAPULUH KOTA PEKANBARU

Abstract

Abstrak

Salah satu masalah gizi yang dialami balita di Indonesia saat ini adalah stunting. Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan fisik yang ditandai dengan penurunan kecepatan pertumbuhan dan merupakan dampak dari ketidakseimbangan gizi. Prevelensi stunting di Indonesia menempati peringkat ketiga dengan kasus tertinggi di Asia. Faktor utama yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya stunting yaitu pengetahuan keluarga gizi, sanitasi dan dukungan keluarga. Selain faktor utama diatas banyak faktor lain yang menjadi faktor penyebab stunting diantaranya yaitu BBLR, tingkat pendidikan, pemberian ASI ekslusif kurang dari 6 bulan, dan status ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui distribusi frekuensi pemberian ASI Ekslusif dan kejadian stunting, serta hubungan pemberian ASI Ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lima puluh Kota Pekanbaru. Metode penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Waktu penelitian dilakukan bulan September 2021. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lima Puluh Kota Pekanbaru, sampel berjumlah 35 orang menggunakan teknik Statified Random Sampling.Pengukuran terhadap variabel dengan menggunakan kuesioner, timbangan badan, dan alat antropometri. Analisa Data menggunakan Univariate dan bivariate (Chi – Square). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan63% balita tidak diberikan ASI Ekslusif dan 14% balita yang mengalami stunting. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh p value yaitu 0,012 (< dari 0,05) dan Odds Ratio OR=1,133 artinya bayi yang diberikan ASI Ekslusif 1,133 kali mencegah terjadinya stunting. Jadi dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian ASI Ekslusif dengan kejadian stunting

The Relationship Between Exclusive Breastfeeding And Incidence Of Stunting In Toddlers In The Working Area Of The Limapuluh Public Health Center, Pekanbaru City

Abstract

One of the nutritional problems experienced by toddler in Indonesia today is stunting. Stunting is a physical growth disorder characterized by a decrease in growth speed and is the impact of nutritional imbalances. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia ranks third with the highest cases in Asia. The main factors that cause stunting are family knowledge of nutrition, sanitation and family support. In addition to the main factors above, there are many other factors that cause stunting, including low birth weight, education level, exclusive breastfeeding for less than 6 months, and economic status. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting, as well as the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in the working area of the Lima Puluh City Health Center Pekanbaru. The research method is observational analytic with a retrospective approach. The time of the study was carried out in September 2021. The research population was all toddlers in the working area of the Lima Puluh Kota Pekanbaru Health Center, a sample of 35 people using the Statified Random Sampling technique. Measurement of variables using questionnaires, scales, and anthropometric tools.Data analysis using Univariate and bivariate (Chi – Square). From the results of the study, it was found that 63% of toddlers were not given exclusive breastfeeding and 14% of toddlers were stunted. The results of statistical tests obtained p value of 0.012 (< from 0.05) and Odds Ratio OR = 1.133, meaning that infants who were given exclusive breastfeeding 1.133 times prevented stunting. So it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting