KONSUMSI SUSU FORMULA TERHADAP KEJADIAN KARIES GIGI PADA ANAK PRASEKOLAH DI PGTKIT ALHAMDULILLAH BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32807/jmu.v2i1.69Keywords:
Susu formula, Karies gigi, , PrasekolahAbstract
Abstrak
Pemberian susu formula dianggap sebagai pengganti air susu ibu yang bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Kandungan yang ada dalam susu formula sering diabaikan terutama kadnungan sukrosa atau gula pada masing-masing merk. Tingginya kadar gula akan menurunkan pH plak dengan cepat sampai pada level yang dapat menyebabkan demineralisasi email sehingga terjadi kerusakan pada gigi. Selain itu defisiensi beberapa vitamin dan mineral juga mendorong terjadinya karies pada gigi seperti defisiensi vitamin A, B, C, dan D, kalsium, fosfor fluor dan zinc. Anak-anak di bawah 12 tahun merupakan kelompok rentan terjadinya masalah pada gigi berupa gigi berlubang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi susu formula dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak prasekolah. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak. Analisa data mengunakan Chi-Square. Hasil yang diperoleh sebagian besar responden dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki 53,3%, usia 3-5 tahun 54,4%, 70,2% mengalami karies gigi, dengan jumlah konsumsi susu formula ≤3 kali/hari 50,9%. Chi-Square menghasilkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,005 nilai p-value yang lebih kecil dari 0,05 menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara konsumsi susu formula dengan kejadian karies gigi di PG-TKIT. Di hari pemberian minuman seperti susu formula yang hampir semua merk mengandung sukrosa dan oral-higiene yang salah merupakan penyebab terjadinya karies gigi. Hal ini dikarenakan sukrosa merupakan gula yang paling kariogenik (menyebabkan gigi berlubang), ditambah waktu kebiasaan gosok gigi yang salah. Di perlukan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang konsumsi susu formula serta kebiasaan menggosok gigi kepada orang tua sehingga mengindari terjadinya karies gigi pada anak.
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Abstract
Introduction: Provision of formula milk as a substitute for breast milk is needed to meet the nutritional needs for growth and development of children. The content in formula milk is often overlooked in terms of sucrose or sugar in each brand. High levels of sugar will reduce pH quickly to a level that can cause enamel demineralization resulting in tooth decay. Besides deficiencies of some vitamins and minerals are also supported by dental caries such as deficiencies of vitamins A, B, C and D, calcium, fluorine phosphorus and zinc. Children under 12 years are a group vulnerable to problems with teeth consisting of cavities. Objective: This research is to study the relationship between consumption of formula milk and the incidence of dental caries in preschool children
Method: This is a quantitative descriptive study with cross sectional research and random sampling techniques. Data analysis using Chi-Square Results: Most respondents were male 53.3%, 3-5 years old 54.4%, 70.2% used dental caries, with the consumption of formula milk kali3 times / day 50.9%. Chi-Square produced a significance value of 0.005 p-value less than 0.05 between the consumption of formula milk and the incidence of dental caries in PG-TKIT Alhamdulilah. The provision of drinks such as formula milk that most contain sucrose and oral-hygiene which is the cause of the use of dental caries. This is because sucrose is the most cariogenic sugar (causing cavities), plus the time of the wrong tooth brushing habit. In need of health education about the consumption of formula milk and the habit of brushing teeth to parents so as to avoid dental caries in children.
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